The parliament
In a parliamentary government system, the executive is indirectly elected by the parliamentand is responsible to it. This means that the parliament can dismiss the prime minister who ishimself not elected by the people. Therefore,he or she must always have the majority of the votes of the current parliament.Theoretically, the cabinet isthe main deciding institution in the British political system, however, much also depends onthe individual prime minister and the support he enjoys in the House of Commons,therelation to the opposition and the pressure of interest groups and the media. Therefore, there is therelation to the opposition and the pressure of interest groups and the media. Therefore, there is a big controversy concerning the extend of the prime minister's power.Besides appointing and dismissing government ministers and appointing senior civil servants,the prime minister has some significant powers within the parliament ,the party,the government and on the national and international stage where he has to give a clear lead in umportant affairs .In the government ,he has control over the agenda as well as the right to establish cabinet committees in which,as well as in the cabinet itself,he chairs the most important discussions and meetings.Additionally,he may bypass the formal meetings through informal conversations and meetings and get the best advice from outside the government as well as from the civil service. Moreover, in recent decades his power stems from the focus of media and public as well as from his leadership within the party,,which has the majority in the parliament where he has the power to dismiss and appoint ministers.Therefore, one can say that the prime minister‟s ,power varies. It depends on the individual himself or herself and his/her position in the media and the public,the standing of the leading party and whether it supports the prime minister.
The cabinet is composed of the ministers, the heads of the several departments, whoare appointed by the prime minister. The cabinet is the key decision maker of the executive.However, the weekly meetings, are usually a formality and only little discussion takes placesince the main decisions are already taken between the prime minister and the concernedDepartmental Minister or committee.The huge network of cabinet committees plays vitalrole. The committees are composed out of the relevant ministers, according to the particularpolicy area. They have the power to take decisions in the name of the cabinet while the ballot in the ministerial meetings is only a formality. There are three main tasks to be fulfilled by theCabinet. First of all, the Ministers take the major decisions of the government. Secondly, theyare responsible for discussing key problems, such as global warming or sustainabledevelopment, and finding a common position. Thirdly, they are in charge of taking theinterests of all the departments into account and coordinate the departments, since they mayeffect each other. The administrative body, which supports the Cabinet, by for instance scheduling and setting the agenda, is the Cabinet office
Concerning the relationship between prime minister and cabinet, it can be said thattheir work is linked and, therefore, none can act without the cooperation of the other.
A further component of the executive is the queen .
House of Commons and House of Lords
House of Commons:the Uk public elects 650 members of parliament (MPs) to represent their interests and concerns in the House of Commons.MPs consider and popose new laws ,and can scrutinize government policies by asking ministers about current issues either in the commons chamber or in committees.
House of Lords is the second chamber of the UK parliament ,it is independent from.Members of the Lords play a vital role making laws and keeping check on the government.