إلى طالبات اللغة الانجليزية سنة أولى ، ''أي مساعدة أستطيع تقديمها لكن فلن أبخل بإذن الله''

[مسلمة وأفتخر*]

مثلا:
المضارع المفرد:
English is spoken in many countries
الإنجليزية ’تنطق في دول كثيرة.
المضارع الجمع

Monkeys are found in forests
القردة توجد قي الغابات
الماضي المفرد:
The telephone was invented by Graham Bell..
أخترع التليفون بواسطة جراهام بيل
الماضي الجمع:
The books were put on the table.
الكتب وضعت فوق الطاولة
في الجدول التالي سوف تجد ملخص للحالات التي يكون عليها الفعل في المبني للمعلوم و مقابلها ستجد كيف يصبح عندما تتحول الجملة إلى المبني للمجهول.

Tense in the passive

التصريف في المبني للمجهول

Tense in the active

التصريف في المبني للمعلوم

is/are + past participle

John is given a dollar everyday

Present simple

ex: Someone gives John a dollar everyday.

Is/are + being+ past participle

A house is being built

Present continuous

ex: They are building a house.

Was/were + past participle

I was given a present

Past simple

ex: Someone gave me a present

was/were + being+ past participle

A film was being made

Past continuous

ex: They were making a film

Have/has been+ past perfect

I have been sent a letter

Present Perfect

ex: Someone has sent me a letter.

Had been+ past perfect

I had been sent a letter

Past perfect

ex: Someone had sent me a letter.

Will be+ past participle

The thief will be caught

Future

ex: They will catch the thief

must /can/should/have to +be + past participle

A solution must be found

must-can-should-have to

ex: They must find a solution

[مسلمة وأفتخر*]

Proverbs أمثال

• The absent party is not faulty - الغايب عذره معه

• Actions speak louder than words - العبرة بالأعمال وليست بالأقوال

• Add fuel to the fire - يزيد الطين بلة

• Address people in the ******** they can understand - خاطب الناس على قدر عقولهم

• Advice is ever in want - لا خاب من استشار

• After black clouds, clear weather - كل شدة وتهون،الصبر مفتاح الفرج

• Always has been, always will be - من شبّ على شيء شاب عليه

• After great effort, he explained that water is water - وفسّر الماء بعد الجهد بالماء

• Birds of feather flock together - الطيور على أشكالها تقع

• A chip of the old block - هذا الشبل من ذاك الأسد

• Charity begins at home - الأقربون أولى بالمعروف

• Do as you would be done - عامل الناس كما تحب أن يعاملوك
  

• Cut your coat according to your cloth - على قدر لحافك مد رجليك، رحم الله إمرءاً عرف قدر نفسه
  

• Conciliation is the matter of the law - الصلح سيد الأحكام
  

• A creaking gate hangs long - الباب ذو الصرير يعيش طويلاً
  

• Do good and cast it into the sea - اعمل خير والقه في البحر
  

• Easy come, easy go - ما يأتي بسهولة يذهب بسهولة،ما لا تجلبه الرياح تأخذه الزوابع
  

• The end justifies the means - الغاية تبرر الوسيلة
  

• Every tide has its ebb - لكل جواد كبوة
  

• It is the end that counts - إنما العبرة بالنهاية
  

• To err is human - كل ابن آدم خطاّء
  

• Every cloud has a silver lining - رب ضرة نافعة
  

• Don’t put your head in the lions mouth - لا تلقوا بأيديكم إلى التهلكة
  

• A friend in need is a friend indeed - الصديق وقت الضيق
  

• A flash in the pan - رمية من غير رامي
  

• No gains without pains - لا نتيجة بدون ألم،لا حلاوة بدون نار
  

[مسلمة وأفتخر*]

أنتن أخواتي الطالبات أيضا رائدات في هذا الموضوع شاركنني...

[za3boola]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة مسلمة وأفتخر*

أختي من أي مصدر حصلت على هذه الاختصارات عسى أن أستطيع الحصول على معانيها؟
إذا لم تكن هذه الاختصارات تتعلق بدروسنا للغة الانجليزية فإن RM هي صيغة مثل صيغة MP3 وغيرها من الصيغ
inf تعني information
هذا ما استطعت أن أعرفك عليه والله أعلم

يا اختي هاذو الاختصارات كتبوهملنا في التوقيت يعني هاذو des modules كما مثلا we يعني written expression ولخرين معرفتهمش...ممكن مساعدة ؟

[وردة أمل]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة za3boola

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

وش معناها المواد هاذو :

Rm
esp
inf
fre
lgec

الله يحفظك

esp= english for specific perpose

inf =informatique

fre= french

Rm=Research methodology

أما البقية صراحة حنا ما درسناش هاذ الموواد ممكن انت غلطت في الكتابة

[وردة أمل]

lgec ممكن هي ling أي linguistique

[za3boola]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة وردة أمل

esp= english for specific perpose

inf =informatique

fre= french

rm=research methodology

أما البقية صراحة حنا ما درسناش هاذ الموواد ممكن انت غلطت في الكتابة

الله ينورك اختي الكريمة مشكورة جدا... وحاب نشكرك أيضا على هذا الموضوع بصفة عامة.

[وردة أمل]

العفووووو ,,,,واي استفسار انا في الخدمة ان شاء الله

لكن لست انا صاحبة الموضوع

[za3boola]

مشكور كل من ساهم في هذا العمل الرائع

[mattina]

thnx a lot sister u helped us a lot with those lessons but i just wanna know what we'll study in phonitics & if u know when the study beggins in the university of bedji mokhtar in annaba plzzz..

[مسلمة وأفتخر*]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة وردة أمل

esp= english for specific perpose

inf =informatique

fre= french

rm=research methodology

أما البقية صراحة حنا ما درسناش هاذ الموواد ممكن انت غلطت في الكتابة

أشكرك كثيرا أختي وردة الأمل على مداخلتك المفيدة جدا ، نحتاج إليك فابقي على تواصل معنا

[fattouna]

ahlaaaaaaaaa biiiiiiiik 3andnaaaaaaa flhidaaaaaaaab ahlaaaaaaaaa ahlaaaaaa ana thani na9ra eng flhidab ida konti tas7a9i ay 7aja ani hnaaaaaaaa sa9siiiiiiiii ok ani okteeeeeee 7anouna

[مسلمة وأفتخر*]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة mattina

thnx a lot sister u helped us a lot with those lessons but i just wanna know what we'll study in phonitics & if u know when the study beggins in the university of bedji mokhtar in annaba plzzz..

hello dear, these are our modules
-writting
- reading
-listning
-speaking
-research methodology
-french
-TICES
-literature
-civilization
-morphosyntax
l-inguistic
-english for specific purposes
- phonetic
as for the phonetic module,

PHONETIC AND PHONOLOGY

Before you study the phonetics of English , or in fact of any other ******** ,you need first to understand what is meant by the term phonetics and understand the defference between the two related words PHONETICS and PHONOLOGY


PHONETIC

The word phonetics comes from the greek word PHONE which stand for SOUND or VOICE .Usually used with a singular verb ,it refers to the branch of languistics that deals with sounds of speech and their production , description and representation by written symbols .This representation is usually refrred to as the phonetic TRANSCRIPTION in which systems of phonetic writing are provided and aim at the accurate representation of any sequence of speech sounds .


INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET (I.P.A

These systems attempt to facilitate the process of ******** learning ,especially the foreing one, In this context ,a unifom system has been put forward that caters for almost all possible sequences of human speech sounds .This system is known as the International Phonetics Alphabet (IPA) where human speech sounds are represented by specific symbols .ALL IPA symbols are enclosed in slashes to indicate that the transcription is phonetic rather than representative of a particular ******** . Phonetics also refers to the system of sounds of a particular ********.


BRANCHES OF PHONETICS

phonetics has three main branches.
ARTICULARY PHONETICS is concerned with the positions and movements of the speech organs such as the lips and the tongue in producing sounds
ACOUSTIC PHONETICS is concerned with the phisical properties of the sound waves
AUDITORY PHONETICS is concerned with the perception of the speech sounds or the effect on the ear .


PHONOLOGY

The term phonology is derived from the GREEK words ;phone; which stands for ;sound; 'voice' and 'logos' which means 'word' 'speech' .It refers to the study of speech sounds in ********s or in a ******** with reference to their distribution and pattering and to tacit rules governing pronunciation .It also refers to the system of a ******** .In other words .phonology attempts to account for how speech sounds are combined .organized and conveny meaning in particular ********s .

In addition ,combination of sounds vary widely from one ******** to another .The combination 'KT' at the begining of a word ,for exemple ,would be impossible in some ********s but is unexceptional in GREEK. so, whereas phonetics deals with the nature of sounds per se , phonology describes the way sound function within givin ********
and this topic can help you alothttps://mentouri.ibda3.org/t9892-topic
finally,as for the begining of your study in annaba you can ask when herehttps://************************/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9/180942315304337?ref=ts&fref=ts

[مسلمة وأفتخر*]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة مسلمة وأفتخر*

hello dear, these are our modules
-writting
- reading
-listning
-speaking
-research methodology
-french
-TICES
-literature
-civilization
-morphosyntax
l-inguistic
-english for specific purposes
- phonetic
as for the phonetic module,

PHONETIC AND PHONOLOGY

Before you study the phonetics of English , or in fact of any other ******** ,you need first to understand what is meant by the term phonetics and understand the defference between the two related words PHONETICS and PHONOLOGY


PHONETIC

The word phonetics comes from the greek word PHONE which stand for SOUND or VOICE .Usually used with a singular verb ,it refers to the branch of languistics that deals with sounds of speech and their production , description and representation by written symbols .This representation is usually refrred to as the phonetic TRANSCRIPTION in which systems of phonetic writing are provided and aim at the accurate representation of any sequence of speech sounds .


INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET (I.P.A

These systems attempt to facilitate the process of ******** learning ,especially the foreing one, In this context ,a unifom system has been put forward that caters for almost all possible sequences of human speech sounds .This system is known as the International Phonetics Alphabet (IPA) where human speech sounds are represented by specific symbols .ALL IPA symbols are enclosed in slashes to indicate that the transcription is phonetic rather than representative of a particular ******** . Phonetics also refers to the system of sounds of a particular ********.


BRANCHES OF PHONETICS

phonetics has three main branches.
ARTICULARY PHONETICS is concerned with the positions and movements of the speech organs such as the lips and the tongue in producing sounds
ACOUSTIC PHONETICS is concerned with the phisical properties of the sound waves
AUDITORY PHONETICS is concerned with the perception of the speech sounds or the effect on the ear .


PHONOLOGY

The term phonology is derived from the GREEK words ;phone; which stands for ;sound; 'voice' and 'logos' which means 'word' 'speech' .It refers to the study of speech sounds in ********s or in a ******** with reference to their distribution and pattering and to tacit rules governing pronunciation .It also refers to the system of a ******** .In other words .phonology attempts to account for how speech sounds are combined .organized and conveny meaning in particular ********s .

In addition ,combination of sounds vary widely from one ******** to another .The combination 'KT' at the begining of a word ,for exemple ,would be impossible in some ********s but is unexceptional in GREEK. so, whereas phonetics deals with the nature of sounds per se , phonology describes the way sound function within givin ********
and this topic can help you alothttps://mentouri.ibda3.org/t9892-topic
finally,as for the begining of your study in annaba you can ask when herehttps://************************/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9/180942315304337?ref=ts&fref=ts
look here my friend

https://************************/%D8%...ref=ts&fref=ts

[مسلمة وأفتخر*]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة fattouna

ahlaaaaaaaaa biiiiiiiik 3andnaaaaaaa flhidaaaaaaaab ahlaaaaaaaaa ahlaaaaaa ana thani na9ra eng flhidab ida konti tas7a9i ay 7aja ani hnaaaaaaaa sa9siiiiiiiii ok ani okteeeeeee 7anouna

شكرا جزيلا لك يا صديقتي على ترحيبك بي ، كنت أتحرق لمعرفة أخت تدرس في الهضاب إنجليزية سنة أولى وهاقد قدر الله سبحانه وتعالى أن نتعارف ، هلاّ عرفتني عن نفسك أختي وأرسلت إلي بصفحة الفيس بوك الخاصة بك على رسالة خاصة؟؟وأهلا بك مجددا