Popular terms in American civilazation

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*The Terms below are summarized from English books*

Manifest Destiny : The belief that the USA had a mission to expand spreading its forms of democracy and freedom . M.D → Monroe Doctrine is often used as a synonym for territorial expansion od USA across North America toward the Pacific Ocean. The expansion is obvious ( manifest) and certain ( destiny).



The old and new Imperialism: is the policy of extending the control or authority over foreign entities as a means of acquisition and or maintenance of empires, either through direst territorial expansion or through indirest methods of exerting control on the politics and or economy of other countries.




Imperialism: is larger than expansion. The term is used by some to describe the policy of a country in maintaining colonies and domain over distant lands regardless of whether a country calls itself an empire.
The term Imperialism was used from the 3rd quarter of the 19th century to describe various forms of political control by a greater power over less powerful territories / nationalities.



Empire: a political unit having an extensive territory or comprising a number of nations and rulled by a single super authority.




American Empire: a term relating to the political, economic and cultural influence of U.S. The concept of American Empire was first popularized in the aftermath “ bad results of a war” of the Spanish American war of 1898. The sources of this concept range from classical Marxist theories of imperialism as a product of capitalism .




The Monroe Doctrine: in 1823, carried these principles:
- - The Western hemisphere was no longer open for colonization.
- - The political system of America was different from Europe.
- - The U.S would regard any interference in Western Hemisphere affairs as a threat to its security.
- - The U.S.A would refrain from participation in Europe was and would not disturb existing colonies in Western hemisphere .




Rosfelt Corrolary: U.S.A has the right to control Lattin America’s political domestic affairs ( another form of imperialism) . it is a part of Manifest Destiny 1904.




Isolationism: The Father of this term is George Washington. It refers to America’s longstanding reluctance to become involved in European alliances and wars. Isolationist perspective dates to colonial days: “ the colonies were populated by persecuted people”.





The roots of Isolationism were well established years before independence. U.S.A remained politically isolated all the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Historians attribute it to




1) The remoteness from Europe.

2) America was superior with good population as opposed to Europe.

3)It feared to be influenced by Europe in terms of identity, unity, policy, economy…etc “ world of immorality and evil “ must resisr the desire to intervene in old world affairs.*





Aspects of Isolationism:
- Isolated itself in terms of trade “tariffs were imposed on foreign goods to shield” protect” U.S manufacturers.

- America turned its back to Europe by restricting the number of immigrants, permitted into the country until World War 1.

- Isolationism was external not enternal in terms of Lattin America.

- Before the first World War, U.S.A suffered from inflation problem, so it decided to open up doors for spreading its products “ East Asia”.

- America exercised Open Door Policy concerning East Asia “Pasific Ocean” was regarded to be a note against potential enemies and as a road to Asia “ China” huge economic market.

- What is yours is mine “ open door policy”
- What is mine is mine “ Monroe Doctrine”.

* The Isolationist point of view was still valuable in 1823 whan president James Monroe gave voice to
What later be termed “ Monroe Doctrine”


· During World War 1, U.S.A abandoned the neutrality for the provoking German attacks.
.